Pentesting Tools Study Guide

Tools installed via BlackArch categories. Work through these to build practical skills.

Scanning & Recon

  • nmap — Network discovery and port scanning
  • masscan — Fast mass port scanner
  • recon-ng — Web reconnaissance framework
  • theharvester — Email, subdomain, and name harvester

Exploitation

  • metasploit — Penetration testing framework
  • sqlmap — Automated SQL injection tool
  • searchsploit — Offline exploit database search

Web Application

  • burpsuite — Web vulnerability scanner and proxy
  • nikto — Web server scanner
  • gobuster — Directory/file brute-forcer
  • dirb — Web content scanner

Wireless

  • aircrack-ng — Wireless network security suite
  • wifite — Automated wireless attack tool

Password Cracking

  • john (John the Ripper) — Password cracker
  • hashcat — Advanced password recovery
  • hydra — Network login brute-forcer

Sniffing & Analysis

  • wireshark — Network protocol analyzer
  • tcpdump — Command-line packet analyzer

Forensics

  • autopsy — Digital forensics platform
  • volatility — Memory forensics framework

Reversing

  • ghidra — Reverse engineering suite (NSA)
  • radare2 — Reverse engineering framework

Study Plan

  1. Start with nmap — it’s foundational for everything else
  2. Learn wireshark alongside nmap to see what’s happening on the wire
  3. Move to metasploit for exploitation basics
  4. Pick up burpsuite for web app testing
  5. Branch into wireless, cracking, or forensics based on interest

Resources to Look Into

  • TryHackMe — Guided hands-on labs
  • HackTheBox — Practice boxes
  • OverTheWire (Bandit) — CLI/Linux security basics
  • OWASP WebGoat — Web app vulnerability practice
  • CyberDefenders — Blue team / forensics challenges